Improvement in flaning-machines



Zia m WM v N.FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTO ittited (gatuite @anni dtiiiiiw.

JOHN B. soHENoK, or MATTEAWAN, NEW votar.`

LettersPatent No. 99,008, dated January 18, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANING-MACHINES The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part ofthe game.

To all whom it may concern means of equalizing the pressure of the feed-rollers upon the wood that passes through the machine to bel operated upon; second, to provide a ready means of knowing the distance that the side or edge-cutters 4are apart, and thus know the exact width of the lum "ber being planed; and third, the providing of a more efficient means of pressing and keeping the lumber against the guide while the lumber is passing through t the macl1iue;"and

It consists in the especial construction and arrangement of the devices which operate to produce the def sred result inA the different parts of the machine, in the operation of planing lumber. f

Figure l is a sideelevation Figure 2 is a top or plan view;

.Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of fig. 2 on line A A',

Figure 4 is a cross-section on line y y of fig. 3

Figure 5 is au end view of the end next the operator; and

'Figuie is a cross-section, on .line a; x of g. 3, of the machine, and in which-` f A represents the frame of the machine, constructed to receive the necessary feed and delivery-rollers, cut-v ter-cylinder or cylinders, and all the operating parts of the machine;

B B B B are the usual feed-rollers.; and v B B' are the delivery-rollers, all placed in the usual manner with relation to the frame and cutters.

C is the surface-planing cylinder, having the cutters thereto attached', and journaled in the frame A, and revolved inthe usual manner.

D and D' are the upright cutters, which dress the edge ofthe lumber in passing through the machine.

These cutters are attached to and revolve in journal-boxes in the movable nuts d and d', which have aims e and e extending down and between transverse guides e" e", that serve to hold them from any longi- `tudinal movement with relation tothe machine, while they are freeto move laterally, in either direction, upon guide-'rod f, as may be desired, in order to give 'the necessary width between the cutters D and D'.

,in passin'gthrough the machine.

.This guide a is movable laterally with relation to the machine, so that it can be adjusted to any width of lumber within the capacity'of the machine to plane.

Then this guide a is moved either toward .or from the centre'of the width of the machine, edge-cutter D' on nut d' moves with it, by means of revolving the longitudinal screw-shaft E on the right-hand side of thc machine, or by revolving lateral screw-shafts Ff F, as the lateral shafts F Ff are connected to and revolve with longitudinal shaft E' by gear-wheels or pinions upon eachv shaft, which gear-wheelsfhave inclined teeth in their peripheiies, so that they work together, although their shafts are at right angles to each other.

The lateral screw-shafts F F pass through the right-hand side of frame A, and work into and through nuts d' anda', and have proper'bcarings in the left-Y hand side of trame A.

Nut fa' is attached to the guide a by means of a neck that extends upward through and works in slot a" in a cross-tie of flame A, said slot acting as a guide to direct it in a lateral direction when the screw-shaft F is revolved.

. Upon the left-hand side ot' the machine .is placed a horizontal longitudinal screw-shaft E, upon which are.

gear-wheels or pinions, working into pinions or gearwheels on lateral screw-shafts F F, and having the same inclined teeth upon their peripheries, as before described as being on screw-shafts E and F F".

The lateral screw F passes through the left-hand side of frame A, and works into and goes through nut c", the neck of which extends up through a slot in the cross-tie of 'frame A, and as the screw-shaft F is revolved, it moves nut o" iu a lateral direction, or across the Awidth of the machine.

At the same time, and with the revolution of lateral screw-shaft F, the lateral screw-shaft F is revolved by being connected togetherby shaft E and the gearwheels, andy which, in like manner, goes through the left-hand side of frame A, and into and through nut d, carrying edge-cutter D, and into a propgr bearing in the right-handside -of frame A, and as' the said screw-shaft F is revolved, it forces edge-cutter D tol move laterally, either toward or from the centre of the width of the machine, according to the direction that shaft E or 'shafts F and F' are revolved.

.By the construction and arrangement of these two sets of screw-shafts with their connecting gear-wheels, as above described, both edge-cutters can' be adj usted to edge a board or plank of the width of the extent of the capacity ofv the machine to dress, or they can be brought into close contact, near the centre of the width of the machine, and thus edge a very narrow piece of lumber.

The longitudinal screw-shafts E and E have screwthreads cut uponthem, for a considerable distance,

gitudinal reciprocation or movementbut allow them y to freely revolve in said boxes G G.

These screw-shafts E andE screw into and pass through the sliding split-nuts .g g.

The nuts g g slide in elongated slots or openings in each side of the frame A, and in the direction given by therevolution of the longitudinal shafts E and E', and are attached, on the inside of frame A, to sliding levers or connecting-'bars I, at y', as seen in tig. 3. v

The sliding levers I are attached to sliding nuts I', which freely slide upon guide-pieces J.

H H are two weighted levers, one placed at each side of the machine, and inside of the frame A, and

have adjusting sliding weights 71 71, that'can slide upon and be fixed to the said levers H H.

The levers are sustained and have a fulcrum in ystirrups H', which extend upward and inside of frame A, to the yokes H H, to which they are firmly at.- tached. l

The ygkes H" H are constructed so that each end thereof bears upon the freely perpendicular-sliding boxes in the sides of frame A.

The boxes hold the journals of the upper feedingrollers B B, and are made to slide, to 'accommodate the differentlhickness of stuli1 that may be planed in the machine, and so that said feed-rollers may .rise or fall, to accommodate such difference, or any irregularity of thickness the lumber mayv have.

Weighted levers H H, at or near their forward ends, always rest against the under side ofthe sliding nuts l l at whatever'point they-#may be at on guides J J.

By this arrangement and construction of devices,

it will be seen, that whenever the longitudinal screw' shaft E', at the right-hand side of the machine, is 'rcvolved in the right-hand.(lii'ectioii, it will bring the sliding split-nut g toward the operator who feeds the By reversing the direction of the revolution of lon--y gitudinal screw-shaft E', the direction of movement of the `sliding nut I will be reversed, by which means the distance between the fulcrum of weighted level' H and its bearing on sliding nut I is increased.

As the said shaft Ey is revolved, through its connections with lateral screw-shafts F" F, they are alsorevolved, and such revolution changes the position of the guide a and edge-cutter Dtoward or from the centre of the width of the machine, as desired.

On the left-hand side of the machine is a longitudinal screw-shaft, E, constructed and arranged to 0perate in the same manner as shaft E above described, and operates another sliding lever I, and nut I, on guide J of the left-hand side of machine, and for, the same end, which is to. change the length of fulcrum of the weighted lever H; and at the same time as the said shaft E is revolved, it moves the edge-Cutter D, either toward or from the centre of the width'of the machine, and nut e is also reciprocated in `the same manner as cutter 1).

With this especial arrangement and construction of devices above described, the pressure is equalized upon the tcp feed-rollers, in such a manner that the lumber, in passing through between the feed-rollers, will be pressed by the top feed-rollers equally hard at all points of its width, no matteuat what point of the width of the machine the lumber may be passing, and bearing against the guide a, as the difference in the distance between the fulcrum ofthe weighted lever and the sliding nut on the right-hand side of the machine, and the weighted lever and its sliding nut on the left-hand side of the machine, will cause a differ- -ends of the feed-rollers, for, as the guide a is forced toward the middle of the width of the machine, and consequently the side of the lumber next the guide will be nearer the centre of the rollers, the nut l' is moved further away from the fulcrum of lever H in stirrup H, and the weight on `lever H cannot act with the same force as it would if the said lever H had a 4shorter purchase, and hence, the pressure is less on the right-hand end of the feed-rollers, whilel the edge-cutter D has, in order to admit the width of stuff, been also moved toward the left-hand side of the machine, and therewith the sliding nut l has been moved toward the fulcrum of weighted lever H, and hence the weight operates through the stirrup and yoke upon the left-hand end of the rollers with a proportionate increase of force, and in the same ratio as the force has been decreased on the right-hand end of the said rollers.

Transversely across the machine, and at a proper height'above the plat-form, is a guide-plate, b, firmly secured, at both ends, to the sides of frame A.

Sliding upon this guide-plate is the slide b', which has a graduated scale upon the side next the operator, and is connected, by an arm, to longitudinal guidey a, so that as guide a is moved toward or fromthe ceutre ofthe width of themachine, the slide b' also moves upon guide-plate b, and corresponds with the movement of guide a.

Upon the slide-plate b is a sliding index, c. index c is moved by means of a curved arm, c', which is attached at its upper end to ,index c, and at the other end to sliding nut c", so thatas nut c" and edgecutter D are moved laterally, the index-plate will have a corresponding movement upon the sliding plate b.

By this arrangement of devices, connected with the 'graduated scaleou the sliding plate b', the width of y the lumber wrought in the machine can be correctly known and determined, and can be adjusted by turning either the right or left-hand longitudinal screwshaft, and can be adjusted to any desired width of stui being wrought.

l is apresser-lever, to press the lumber firmly against the guide a, and is pivoted to sliding nut c", and moves laterally with nut c and edge-cutter D.

To the vouter end of said press-lever lis pivoted a connecting-bar, l', and bar Z is pivoted to the-end of lever Z, which has a handle upon the end opposite to where it is pivoted tothe connecting-bar l', and in a convenient position for the operator to take hold of the handle, and pulling the same toward himself, will keep the lumber firmly against the longitudinal guide a. v

I am aware that revolving screw-shafts have been used to move'and adjust edge-cutters and the longitudinal guides in planing-machines. I am also aware that attempts have been made to adjust the presser feed-rollers, to equalize the pressure of such rollers; and that index-plates have been used for determining the width of the stuff being dressed; and also that presser-levers'have been used for holding the lumber tirmly against the guide; but the constructions and arrangements which have vbeen used for these several purposes are not what I have described as my invention, and I lay no claim to such as have been heretofore described and used.

Having fully described my invention, itsuse, and application, l y

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- l 1. The-combination of the transverse screw-shafts. F F F, and their sliding nuts a c" d d', edge-cutters DVD', and guide a, with the longitudinal screwshafts E E', sliding nuts g, connecting-bars I, lslidinl g nuts I', slides J, weighted lever H, stirrupsH, yokes H", and presser feed-rollers B B, when constructedl This and arranged in the manner and for the purpose de scribed.

2. The combination of'l the revolving screw-shafts -and their transverse sliding nuts and edge-cutters iu the manner and for the purpose described.

3. The compound presser-lever, composed `of the presser-foot l", connecting-bar Z', and pivoted leverhandle l, and connected to sliding nut c, in the mnnner and for the purpose described.

4. An improved planing-machine, in whiclris' pro-` vided a, means of regulating the amount of pressure upon the ends of the presser-rollers, by changing the fulcrum ofthe weighted lever, in the manner substautially as described.

` JOHN B. SCHENOK.

Witnesses:

B. W. lREMSEN, VM. L. JAYcox. 

